ABSTRACT
A male passenger arriving at Nanning Wuxu Airport in Guangxi on an international flight from Jakarta, Indonesia, was found to be positive for SARS-CoV-2 nucleic acid on a routine test at the airport on June 8 2021. The passenger was sent to Fourth People’s Hospital of Nanning immediately for further isolation and observation. On the day of admission, the test for SARS-CoV-2 nucleic acid of nasopharyngeal swabs, pharyngeal swabs and sputum specimens were positive (CT values of N gene and ORF1ab gene were between 20 and 30). After 8 weeks of hospitalization, the patient’s test for SARS-CoV-2 nucleic acid of all specimens turned to negative. We isolated a SARS-CoV-2 variant strain from the nasal swab of the patient, and then we found that the genome sequence of the variant strain had 13 base deletions and 38 nucleotide mutations compared with that of the Novel Coronavirus Wuhan strain after sequencing, comparison and analysis. The deletions and mutations of the variant strain resulted in four amino acid deletions and 30 amino acid mutations. Furthermore, we found that the variant strain was similar to those from Indonesia, South Korea and The United Kingdom after conducting BLAST analysis on GISAID platform, among them, hCOV-19 /Indonesia/ Ji-ITD-43591N /2021 was the most similar, with 99.98% similarity and only 8 base differences. The maximum likelihood phylogenetic tree was constructed taking the Wuhan strain as the root and including most the reference sequence contained most of the epidemic strains. The result showed that the strains isolated in our laboratory belonged to Delta strain.
Subject(s)
COVID-19ABSTRACT
Background Vaccination is the most effective approach against the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-2019) pandemic. This study aimed to investigate acceptance and the predominant influential factors of COVID-19 vaccination among people living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS).Methods A cross-sectional survey was carried out in five cities in Guangxi from 7 May to 1 June 2021. Questionnaires on the acceptance of COVID-19 vaccination and the influential factors were conducted among HIV/AIDS patients recruited by random cluster sampling. We performed univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis to identify factors associated with acceptance of COVID-19 vaccination among HIV/AIDS patients.Results Of all the participants (n = 903), 72.9% (n = 658) were willing to accept the COVID-19 vaccine and there was no statistically significant difference between CD4+T cell count and willingness to vaccinate using stratified analysis (P > 0.05). The main reason for willingness to accept the COVID-19 vaccine was fear of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection (76.0%), whereas patients who were reluctant to receive the vaccine were mainly concerned about the safety of the vaccine (54.7%) and whether it would impact anti-retroviral therapy(ART) efficacy (50.6%). The most significant factors influencing vaccination were concerns that the vaccine was unsafe in HIV patients (OR=0.082, 95%CI = 0.024–0.282) and that it would be less effective in preventing SARS-CoV-2 infection in HIV patients (OR = 0.093, 95%CI = 0.030–0.287). Other factors associated with acceptance of the COVID-19 vaccine included Zhuang ethnicity (OR=1.653, 95%CI=1.109–2.465), the highest education level of middle school and high school or above (OR=1.747, 95%CI=1.170–2.608; OR=2.492, 95%CI=1.326–4.682), unknown vaccination type (OR=0.487, 95%CI=0.305–0.776) and little vaccine influence on ART efficacy (OR=2.889, 95%CI=1.378-6.059).Conclusions Acceptance of the COVID-19 vaccination is high among HIV/AIDS patients, although some patients refused vaccination because of vaccine safety and influence on ART efficacy. More research is needed to investigate the impact of the COVID-19 vaccine on the efficacy of ART and to evaluate its effectiveness in preventing SARS-CoV-2 infection in HIV patients so that concerns about COVID-19 vaccination issues can be addressed in HIV patients.